Acclaimed actor and Oscar-winning director Richard Attenborough, whose film career on both sides of the camera spanned 60 years, has died. He was 90.
Richard Attenborough in Flight of the Phoenix in 1965. (Wikipedia)
The actor's son, Michael Attenborough told the BBC that his father died Sunday.
Among his most famous works were the 1982 Indian epic Gandhi, which went on to win eight Oscars including best director and best film, and the science fiction adventure Jurassic Park. But those achievements were just two of many highlights in his distinguished career.
Attenborough was one of the most familiar faces on the British arts scene, appearing in a many major Hollywood films and also directing a series of movies. He was also known for his extensive work as a goodwill ambassador for UNICEF, the United Nations children's fund, and other humanitarian causes
British Prime Minister David Cameron issued a statement calling Attenborough "one of the greats of cinema."
"His acting in Brighton Rock was brilliant, his directing of Gandhi was stunning," Cameron said.
Attenborough won an Academy Award for best director with Gandhi in 1982, only one of many highlights of a distinguished career as actor and director.
With his abundant snow-white hair and beard, Attenborough was one of the most familiar faces on the British arts scene — universally known as "Dickie."
As a director, Attenborough made several successful movies, from Oh What a Lovely War in 1969 to Chaplin and Shadowlands in the 1990s. But his greatest success was Gandhi, a film that was 20 years in the planning and won eight Oscars, including best picture.
Dramatic range
The generation that was introduced to Attenborough as an avuncular veteran actor in the 1990s — when he played the failed theme park developer in Jurassic Park and Kriss Kringle in a remake of Miracle on 34th Street — may not have appreciated his dramatic range.
Director Richard Attenborough, left, looks at cast member Christopher Plummer as they do interviews at the gala for the movie Closing The Ring at the 32nd Toronto International Film Festival in Toronto Sept.14, 2007. (Mike Cassese/Reuters)
A small, energetic man with a round face that remained boyish even in old age, he was perfectly cast at the start of his career as the young sailor or airman of British movies during and after the Second World War.
In his 1942 film debut as a terrified warship's crewman in In Which We Serve, a 19-year-old Attenborough made a small part into one of the most memorable roles in the movie, which won the Best Picture Oscar.
In 1947, Attenborough gave one of the best performances of his career as the menacing teenage thug Pinkie in Brighton Rock, the film version of Graham Greene's novel.
In his 1942 film debut as a terrified warship's crewman in "In Which We Serve," a 19-year-old Attenborough made a small part into one of the most memorable roles in the movie, which won the Best Picture Oscar.
In 1947, Attenborough gave one of the best performances of his career as the teenage thug Pinkie in "Brighton Rock," the film version of Graham Greene's novel. Attenborough's baby face and air of menace combined to make it one of his most memorable roles.
His youthful appearance nearly cost him the lead role in the original cast of The Mousetrap, because its author, Agatha Christie, didn't think he looked like a police detective. But he starred with his wife, actress Sheila Sim, when the hit play opened in November 1952 and stayed for 700 performances.
Enters production
In 1959, Attenborough joined fellow actor Bryan Forbes in film production. The Angry Silence in 1960 was their successful debut, with Attenborough playing a strike-breaking factory worker. It was one of the first of the gritty, working-class films that heralded Britain's "new realism" of the 1960s.
Together, Forbes and Attenborough produced Whistle Down the Wind in 1961 and The L-Shaped Room in 1962. Their last film, 1964's Seance on a Wet Afternoon, won Attenborough Best Actor awards from the London Film Critics and British Film Academy.
In the meantime, he had appeared as a prisoner of war in 1963's The Great Escape — known for its classic ensemble cast, including Steve McQueen, James Coburn and Charles Bronson — and starred in Guns at Batasi, for which he won another British Film Academy award. In 1967, he won a Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor in The Sand Pebbles.
In 1969, Attenborough turned to directing with Oh What a Lovely War, a lampoon of the First World War, which won a Golden Globe award as best English-language foreign film. Three years later, he made Young Winston, the story of Winston Churchill's early life.
By the mid-1970s, Attenborough had become a director who only occasionally acted. It was said that he took acting jobs to help finance the movies he wanted to direct.
But his return to directing in the 1977 war movie A Bridge Too Far was an expensive disaster, despite its cast of international stars. The following year, the heavy-handed 1978 thriller Magic was a failure despite the talents of Anthony Hopkins.
A Chorus Line, Attenborough's 1985 film of the long-running stage musical, also took a critical beating. And, more recently, 1996's In Love and War, failed to win much critical support.
Attenborough was often thought to be at his best when trying to coax the finest work from actors. Gandhi made a star of its little-known leading man Ben Kingsley, and Denzel Washington won an Oscar nomination for 1987's Cry Freedom.
Debra Winger was nominated for an Oscar and Anthony Hopkins gave one of his best performances in Shadowlands, a small, subtle film that won Attenborough perhaps his greatest critical praise.
Attenborough, son of a university principal, was born Aug. 29, 1923, into a family with strong liberal views and a tradition of volunteer work for humanitarian concerns.
One of his younger brothers is naturalist David Attenborough, whose nature documentaries have reached audiences around the world.
Humanitarian efforts praised
Richard Attenborough was a tireless defender of the British film industry. His artistic and humanitarian efforts were rewarded with several international prizes, including the Martin Luther King Jr. Peace Prize in 1983.
He was knighted in 1976, and 17 years later received a life peerage, becoming Baron Attenborough of Richmond upon Thames.
His later years were marked by a horrendous personal tragedy when he lost his daughter Jane and granddaughter in the tsunami that hit Thailand the day after Christmas in 2004. The heart-broken Attenborough said he was never able to celebrate the Christmas holidays after that.
He had been in frail health since a fall at his house in 2008, and spent his last years in a nursing home with his wife.
He is survived by his wife, Sheila Sim, their son and a daughter.
